Lectionary Text: Isaiah 56:1-8Kee bayti bait tefilla yicaray lecall ha amim.*
For my house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples.
Prayer
Loving God, we are again worshipping before you this morning. We pray that you will speak to us through this message and that we would be open and receptive to be led by your Holy Spirit. Bless us with this word so that we might bless you. We ask these things in the name of your son Jesus Christ. Amen.I began my sermon this morning by reading part of a verse from our text in Biblical Hebrew. Kee bayti bait tefilla yicaray lecall ha amim.* For my house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples. Isaiah 56:7. I took a year-long course on Biblical Hebrew this past year at seminary. I recite the verse to you this morning not to show off, nor to claim value from the large amount of money I am taking out in loans in order to make my way through school. I recite part of verse 7 in Hebrew for you to hear and recognize that the Bible we read is actually written for an entirely different community from ours. The Bible, especially the Old Testament but also not excluding the New Testament, was written for the Jews as a means for them to know more about God and as a means to know how to live as God’s chosen amidst the nations. Sometimes we forget the specificity of the text and jump straight to interpreting it for our own means without looking at the cultural and historical background.
The book of Isaiah is a complicated book if you look at the text critically. Biblical historians separate the book into three different sections, all written by different people at different times. The prophet of the first section, or First Isaiah, writes about how God will not let Jerusalem fall into the hands of warring nations. First Isaiah is optimistic that God is in absolute control and that God uniquely favors the Jewish monarchy and nation. One of the reasons we know that Isaiah is written by different authors at different times is that the prophet of the second section, or Second Isaiah, writes some years after the city of Jerusalem has fallen into the hands of the Babylonians. The Jews are in exile in Babylon and are now wondering where God is, whether God is indeed sovereign and why they who are the chosen ones are suffering at the hands of another nation.
Our text this morning is written at the beginning of the Third Isaiah, at the time some of the Israelites have begun to return from exile. The prophet of Second Isaiah promised a glorious return to Jerusalem, a return that would make the journey of the Israelites out of Egypt in the exodus look like chopped liver. However, the real-life experience of the returnees was hardly glorious. The Israelites found themselves faced with hardships, disillusionment, hopelessness and despair. They begged and pleaded with God to redeem their situation and to give them salvation from it – salvation in this case meaning the restoration of a prospering Israelite community.
Third Isaiah gives a response to the people that they might not have wanted to hear. He passes along the Lord’s exhortation to the people, “Maintain justice and do what is right, for soon my salvation will come, and my deliverance will be revealed. Happy is the mortal who does this, the one who holds it fast, who keeps the Sabbath, not profaning it, and refrains from doing any evil.” (1-2) The Lord is speaking through the prophet and is saying that the salvation the Lord offers is only through the Israelites’ actions. What should their actions be? To maintain justice and do what is right.
There is an unwritten separation in the Ten Commandments. The first four deal with humanity’s relationship with God. You shall have no other gods before me, you shall not make idols, you shall not take the Lord’s name in vain and you must remember the Sabbath and keep it holy. These commandments that signify how humanity must interact with God are what makes us righteous, or have right-action. This is what the people must do when the Lord admonishes them to do what is right.
Likewise, the second grou0p of the Ten Commandments deal with humanity’s relationship with each other. Honor your father and your mother, you shall not murder, you shall not commit adultery, you shall not steal, you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor and you shall not covet. These commandments that deal with humanity’s relationship with each other is how we are to ensure justice among us. Thus, when the Lord was admonishing the Israelites to maintain justice, he was reminding them of what they were commanded to do long before.
Happy or blessed is what the Lord says the one who maintains justice and does what is right will be. Israel will not despair or feel hopeless in its situation so long as they keep the Sabbath by doing what is right and so long as they maintain justice by refraining from evil.
However, the Lord is not only telling the Israelites what they already know and need to be reminded of. The Lord is, in this passage, expanding the definition of God’s own community. Things are beginning to get controversial and uncomfortable in verse 3. The text says, “Do not let the foreigner joined to the Lord say, ‘The Lord will surely separate me from his people’; do not let the eunuch say, ‘I am just a dry tree.’”
It came to pass that being a member of God’s chosen people was not as simple as merely doing what is right and maintaining justice. The Israelite community was quite exclusive with regard to who could be a member and who could not. Much of their focus lay upon preserving their race and separating themselves from the other nations. Indeed, their identity was formed out of their exclusiveness.
Deuteronomy 7 talks about God’s chosen people. It says, “When the Lord your God brings you into the land that you are entering to take possession of it, and clears away many nations before you…seven nations more numerous than yourselves, and when the Lord your God gives them over to you, and you defeat them, then you must devote them to complete destruction. You shall make no covenant with them and show no mercy to them. You shall not intermarry with them, giving your daughters to their sons or taking their daughters for your sons, for they would turn away your children from following me, to serve other gods…for you are a people holy to the Lord your God. The Lord your God has chosen you to be a people for his treasured possession, out of all the peoples who are on the face of the earth.” (1-4a,6) We learn from this passage that to be chosen is to be purely Israelite and not to have any foreigner among them. There are some instances we can recall where foreigners can and do participate in God’s chosen community – the story of Ruth is an example – but the message, for the most part is exclusionary. Yet it is exclusionary with reason – by excluding foreign nations, the risk of acting unrighteously by serving another God is taken away.
Also excluded from the assembly were the eunuchs. Deuteronomy 23:1 says, “No one whose testicles are crushed or whose male organ is cut off shall enter the assembly of the Lord.” Eunuchs, too, were excluded and looked down upon because of their inability to procreate and, thus, pass on their heritage and add to the number of the Israelite nation.
We humans are very exclusionist with each other. It is not just the Jews of the Bible who set up barriers between themselves and others. All of us are exclusionary, sometimes rationally and sometimes irrationally. It is not hard to think of social constructions that are used to designate people either belonging or excluded from a community. I cannot speak for Jamaica because I have only been here for some weeks, but in America, those who are in are those who are rich, who have certain material possessions, those who are educated, those who have power and can speak for themselves. Those who are out are the poor, those who are homeless, those who are uneducated, have no power and cannot speak for themselves.
We also place social barriers in our communities by making the healthy to be the insiders. Those who are unwell, those who might be alcoholics, drug addicts, or who might be mentally handicapped are our society’s outsiders. They find no home among us, our government or our church. Similarly, we also place as outsiders those who defy our laws. Criminals, prostitutes and others are people who we exclude because their actions are reprehensible to us.
Even the unconscious things we do separate and alienate those among us. This is my final day among you and I want to thank you for being kind and hospitable to both Krista and I. However, when I first arrived, I had a hard time being here in Jamaica because I felt quite excluded from the Jamaican community. A prime reason why is because some were speaking Patois to me, a language that I’ve been told is broken English, but hardly sounds like English to me. This simple, unconscious act put up a barrier and prohibited me from feeling as one among you when I first got here.
The good news is that even though we are exclusionary with each other, God is not exclusionary with his people. He addresses those who have been excluded and invites them to be included in his community.
To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths, who choose the things that please me and hold fast my covenant, I will give in my house and within my walls, a monument and a name better than sons and daughters; I will give them an everlasting name that shall not be cut off.” (4-5) God invites those cast out of the Israelite community into his house, into his community. They now belong to God and God belongs to them. The eunuch’s worth does not consist in what he can produce. The eunuch is not a dry tree that will disappear when his life is up. The Lord promises to give the eunuch an everlasting name and a monument better than sons and daughters. In God’s community, the eunuch goes from being despised and excluded to being honored.
“And the foreigners who join themselves to the Lord, to minister to him, to love the name of the Lord, and to be his servants, all who keep the Sabbath, and do not profane it, and hold fast my covenant – these I will bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer; their burnt offerings and sacrifices will be accepted on my altar; for my house shall be a house of prayer for all peoples.” (6-7) God also addresses the foreigners and invites them onto his mountain, in his house, to be members that belong to his community.
The Lord is being radically inclusive in his grace in welcoming his people to his community. God embraces those excluded in this passage, the outsiders, and shows his universal love for all. This is not to say that there is no responsibility upon humanity in order to belong to this holy community. There is responsibility in membership. Those who claim membership must abide by maintaining justice and by doing what is right. They must minister, love, serve, keep the Sabbath, hold to the covenant and worship with offerings and sacrifices. In order to live in God’s gracious community, we must model God’s gracious community. God invites all to come in but those who come must be responsible to participate accordingly.
Lest we think, however, that we can earn our way in by our actions, the Lord God who gathers the outcasts of Israel says, “I will gather others to them besides those already gathered.” (8) It is not we who let ourselves in to God’s community. We cannot either let ourselves or others in. Likewise, we cannot exclude others from joining. When we segregate or exclude others from worshipping with us, we are denying the ideal New Testament church. Ephesians 2:14 says that Jesus is our peace and makes us one and has broken down the dividing call of hostility in his flesh.
The New Testament lesson from Acts about the Ethiopian eunuch shows the radical inclusion of both a foreigner and a eunuch into the body of believers. That the Ethiopian had come up to Jerusalem to worship indicates his belief in God. As Philip told the Ethiopian about Jesus, the man sees the water and asks if there is something prohibiting him from being baptized into the community. This is asked because the Ethiopian knows the restriction of foreigners and eunuchs being rejected from wholly joining the assembly. Philip, knowing that God does not exclude, baptizes him, an outward expression of an inward commitment. The invitation for us to belong and participate comes solely from the Lord and only as individuals can we decide if we want to enter and participate in God’s community.
The most meaningful experience I have had here in Jamaica was allowing myself to include members I had excluded from belonging to the body of believers. It was hard for me to minister to those at the nursing home who were physically and mentally unwell, and I wondered if their lives had any worth. With repeated visits I became accustomed to worshipping and ministering to them, but it was not until we took communion together that I recognized that just as I am a member of the body of Christ and have a purpose for my life, that so, too, are the residents of the home members of the very same body that I am a part of, and have a unique purpose that God is using them for upon this earth.
I invite you today to hear the Lord’s admonition to act rightly and maintain justice in your own lives and to the people you come into contact with. See the community that the Lord has invited you to be a part of and claim your membership by participating accordingly. Humble yourselves before the Lord and see what he will do with you and through you.
Amen.
*I did not properly transliterate the text - I wrote it down how I would pronounce it for ease in speaking.